Australian History

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On 13 May 1787 a fleet of 11 ships set sail from Portsmouth. On board were 759 convicts, most of them men with sailors and marines to guard the prisoners. Captain Arthur Philip commanded them. With them they took seeds, farm implements, livestock such as cattle, sheep, pigs, goats, horses and chickens and 2 years supply of food. The first colonists came ashore at Port Jackson on 26 January 1788.
 
n 1944, a small number of copper coins with Arabic inscriptions were discovered on a beach in Jensen Bay on Marchinbar Island, part of the Wessel Islands of the Northern Territory. These coins were later identified as from the Kilwa Sultanate of east Africa. Only one such coin had ever previously been found outside east Africa (unearthed during an excavation in Oman). The inscriptions on the Jensen Bay coins identify a ruling Sultan of Kilwa, but it is unclear whether the ruler was from the 10th century or the 14th century. This discovery has been of interest to those historians who believe it likely that people made landfall in Australia or its offshore islands before the first generally accepted such discovery, by the Dutch sailor Willem Janszoon in 1606
 
Prehistoric stone tools discovered at Rottnest Island and Rockingham could rewrite the story of Australia's colonisation by early humans. The tools could be at least 70,000 years old and there is no archaeological evidence of early human occupation until about 50,000 years ago.
 
VOC shipwreck survivors became Australia's first European settlers

Between 1629 and 1727 four ships of the Dutch East Indies Company (VOC) are known to have shipwrecked on the coast of Western Australia. Over 300 personnel of those ships, and some from rescue parties, are estimated to have survived these wreckings. There may have been more survivors as three other vessels, that could have had similar fates, are still unaccounted for.(

The general consensus amongst historians and allied academics is that these survivors would not have lasted for any considerable period of time. Reasons often quoted are hostile natives and the lack of survival skills amongst these Europeans considering the harsh and unknown environment in which they found themselves.
 
It should be possible within a few months to say whether hundreds of Europeans not Brits were the first European settlers as much as 1-200 years before the First Fleet. Some of the circumstantial evidence for this theory is already in, and it is fascinating.
 

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