G'day
Prospecting for gold is like anything else its a learning process that will develop over time, in other words you need to start at the start and get on the ground experience first and then delve further into the areas of geology and more in depth research as you go along, the first step is to find out about areas that have produced alluvial gold that you are able to detect, and then spend time in these areas so that you learn to better recognize the types of ground that have been worked and you will get to see what others have been doing like dry blowing and scraping and such, these are all indicators of detectable ground as they would not have expended the effort unless they were getting gold, there are books like gold and ghosts that show most of the known areas, I know most of these places and have been to many over the years and they have all been well flogged but it will get you into the zone and help to give you better insight as to what is likely to be a productive area, there is no substitute for time on the ground.
It can be a complicated process to understand why gold is in certain places because very often gold can be a long way away from its original source and productive ground can visually give very little insight in to why the gold is there, some places that will have all the right looks but will not produce anything, and as I have mentioned before the best gold I have found was in areas that you would walk through to get to somewhere else as it looked very plain and uninteresting, I think sometimes the problem can be that we are taught to expect a certain look to the ground like the saying "salt and pepper" but this does not always apply and because we have that in our heads we will actively look in those sorts of places and ignore the plain looking spots that might actually hold the best gold.
The quickest way to get on to gold is to do the leg work, there is no get rich quick method, just get yourself into the areas that have produced gold in the past and you have the best chance of getting onto something and also help to develop your knowledge base.
cheers
stayyerAU